قارن الطرق

	تجربة الأذرع المتعددة العواملية	تجربة عاملية كاملة
المجال	التصميم التجريبي	التصميم التجريبي
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1926 (factorial basis); multi-arm factorial trials formalized 1980s–1990s	1926 (Fisher's foundational paper); codified by the 1950s–1960s
صاحب الطريقة	R. A. Fisher (factorial foundations); multi-arm extension established in clinical trial methodology	Ronald A. Fisher
النوع	Experimental design	Experimental design
المصدر التأسيسي	Montgomery, D. C. (2017). Design and Analysis of Experiments (9th ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 978-1119492443	Box, G. E. P., Hunter, J. S., & Hunter, W. G. (2005). Statistics for Experimenters: Design, Innovation, and Discovery (2nd ed.). Wiley-Interscience. ISBN: 978-0471718130
الأسماء البديلة	multi-arm factorial trial, factorial multi-arm trial, multi-arm factorial experiment, MAFT	full factorial design, complete factorial design, 2^k factorial design, FFD
ذات صلة	6	6
الملخص	A factorial multi-arm experiment simultaneously tests multiple factors (each at two or more levels) by assigning participants to distinct arms that represent unique combinations of those factors. This design efficiently estimates the independent main effects of each factor and their interactions, all within a single study — making it far more informative than running separate one-factor experiments.	A full factorial experiment runs every possible combination of all chosen factor levels, making it the gold standard for simultaneously estimating main effects, two-way interactions, and higher-order interactions among multiple independent variables. Introduced through Ronald Fisher's foundational work on factorial designs in the 1920s and systematised by Box, Hunter, and Montgomery, it provides complete information about how factors act individually and in combination on an outcome.