قارن الطرق

	الغزل الكهربائي	فحص الخلايا الحية/الميتة
المجال	المواد الحيوية	المواد الحيوية
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1934	2000
صاحب الطريقة	Anton Formhals	Invitrogen/Molecular Probes
النوع	Fiber fabrication process	Dual-dye viability assay
المصدر التأسيسي	Formhals, A. (1934). Process and apparatus for preparing artificial threads. U.S. Patent 1,975,504.	Molecular Probes (2004). LIVE/DEAD Viability/Cytotoxicity Kit user guide. Invitrogen Corporation.
الأسماء البديلة	electrospun fiber production, electrostatic fiber spinning	calcein-AM/propidium iodide, SYTO/PI staining, fluorescent viability stain
ذات صلة	3	4
الملخص	Electrospinning is an electrostatic fiber fabrication process that uses a high electric field to draw polymer solutions or melts into nanoscale fibers. Developed by Anton Formhals in the 1930s and refined by researchers including Darrell Reneker in the 1990s, the technique has become foundational to biomaterials engineering, enabling the creation of porous scaffolds for tissue engineering and drug delivery systems.	The Live/Dead assay is a fluorescence-based method for simultaneously identifying live and dead cells using two complementary dyes. The assay combines calcein-AM (or SYTO fluorophores), which generates bright green fluorescence in living cells with intact esterase activity, with propidium iodide (PI), which produces red fluorescence in dead cells with compromised membrane integrity. Commercially developed by Molecular Probes and now part of Thermo Fisher's portfolio, the Live/Dead kit is widely used to evaluate cell viability on biomaterial scaffolds, in tissue constructs, and following drug or toxin exposure.