قارن الطرق

	الغزل الكهربائي	التحليل الميكانيكي الديناميكي
المجال	المواد الحيوية	المواد الحيوية
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1934	1960
صاحب الطريقة	Anton Formhals	Ferry and Schwarzl
النوع	Fiber fabrication process	Rheological characterization
المصدر التأسيسي	Formhals, A. (1934). Process and apparatus for preparing artificial threads. U.S. Patent 1,975,504.	Menard, K. P. (2008). Dynamic mechanical analysis: a practical introduction (2nd ed.). CRC Press.
الأسماء البديلة	electrospun fiber production, electrostatic fiber spinning	DMA, rheological analysis, viscoelastic testing
ذات صلة	3	3
الملخص	Electrospinning is an electrostatic fiber fabrication process that uses a high electric field to draw polymer solutions or melts into nanoscale fibers. Developed by Anton Formhals in the 1930s and refined by researchers including Darrell Reneker in the 1990s, the technique has become foundational to biomaterials engineering, enabling the creation of porous scaffolds for tissue engineering and drug delivery systems.	Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) measures the viscoelastic properties of materials—their elastic stiffness and viscous damping—by applying a sinusoidal stress or strain and measuring the phase lag and amplitude of the material's response. Developed from rheology principles in the 1960s and formalized by Ferry, Schwarzl, and others, DMA provides quantitative measures of how polymeric biomaterials respond to time-dependent and frequency-dependent mechanical stimuli. Key outputs include the storage modulus (elastic component), loss modulus (viscous component), and loss tangent (tan δ), which together characterize the material's mechanical behavior across temperature and frequency ranges.