قارن الطرق

	كمية الطلب الاقتصادي (EOQ)	نماذج مخزون الأمان ونقطة إعادة الطلب
المجال	بحوث العمليات	بحوث العمليات
العائلة	Regression model	Regression model
سنة النشأة	1913	1998
صاحب الطريقة	Ford W. Harris	Silver, Pyke & Peterson
النوع	Deterministic inventory optimization model	Stochastic inventory control model
المصدر التأسيسي	Harris, F. W. (1913/1990). How many parts to make at once. Operations Research, 38(6), 947–950 (reprint).	Silver, E. A., Pyke, D. F., & Peterson, R. (1998). Inventory Management and Production Planning and Scheduling (3rd ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 978-0-471-11947-0
الأسماء البديلة	Wilson EOQ Model, Harris-Wilson Model, Optimal Lot Size Model, Ekonomik Sipariş Miktarı	Buffer Stock, Reserve Stock, Reorder-Point Model, Emniyet Stoğu
ذات صلة	3	3
الملخص	The Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) is a classic deterministic inventory model that identifies the order quantity minimizing the sum of annual ordering and holding costs. Introduced by Ford W. Harris in 1913 and later popularized by R. H. Wilson, EOQ assumes constant demand, fixed cost parameters, and instantaneous replenishment. It remains the foundational benchmark for inventory management in manufacturing, retail, and supply chain contexts where demand is relatively stable and costs are well-characterized.	Safety stock is an additional quantity of inventory held beyond expected demand during a replenishment lead time, designed to protect against stockouts caused by demand or supply uncertainty. Reorder-point models formalize this buffer by setting a trigger inventory level at which a new order is placed. Systematically developed within the stochastic inventory-control framework by Silver, Pyke, and Peterson (1998), the approach translates a desired customer-service level into a precise buffer quantity using the statistics of demand and lead-time variability.