قارن الطرق
راجع الطرق التي اخترتها جنبًا إلى جنب؛ الصفوف المختلفة مميَّزة.
| العينة المزدوجة× | العينات الطبقية× | |
|---|---|---|
| المجال≠ | المعاينة | منهجية المسح |
| العائلة | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| سنة النشأة≠ | 1938 | 1977 |
| صاحب الطريقة≠ | Jerzy Neyman | William G. Cochran |
| النوع≠ | Multi-phase sampling design | Probability-based survey sampling design |
| المصدر التأسيسي≠ | Neyman, J. (1938). Contribution to the theory of sampling human populations. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 33(201), 101–116. DOI ↗ | Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques (3rd ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 978-0-471-16240-7 |
| الأسماء البديلة≠ | Two-Phase Sampling | Proportional Stratified Sampling, Optimal Allocation Sampling, Stratum-Based Sampling, Tabakalı Örnekleme |
| ذات صلة≠ | 4 | 2 |
| الملخص≠ | Double Sampling (also called two-phase or multistage sampling) is a survey design in which a large preliminary sample is collected using inexpensive methods or partial information, then a smaller subsample is drawn from it and measured in detail. Pioneered by Jerzy Neyman in 1938, it is particularly useful when a cheap surrogate measurement is available but true measurement is expensive. | Stratified sampling is a probability sampling design in which the target population is partitioned into non-overlapping, exhaustive subgroups called strata, and independent probability samples are drawn within each stratum. Formalized by William G. Cochran in Sampling Techniques (1977), the method exploits known population structure to reduce variance and guarantee representativeness of all major subgroups, making it a cornerstone of large-scale survey research and official statistics. |
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