قارن الطرق

	اختبار DF-GLS: اختبار جذر الوحدة لديكى-فولر المنزوع الاتجاه بواسطة GLS	اختبار KPSS للاستقرارية
المجال	الاقتصاد القياسي	الاقتصاد القياسي
العائلة	Hypothesis test	Regression model
سنة النشأة	1996	1992
صاحب الطريقة	Elliott, Rothenberg & Stock	Kwiatkowski, Phillips, Schmidt & Shin
النوع	One-sided t-test on GLS-detrended series	Stationarity test (reverse of unit-root tests)
المصدر التأسيسي	Elliott, G., Rothenberg, T. J., & Stock, J. H. (1996). Efficient tests for an autoregressive unit root. Econometrica, 64(4), 813–836.	Kwiatkowski, D., Phillips, P. C. B., Schmidt, P., & Shin, Y. (1992). Testing the null hypothesis of stationarity against the alternative of a unit root. Journal of Econometrics, 54(1–3), 159–178.
الأسماء البديلة	Elliott-Rothenberg-Stock test, ERS unit-root test, GLS-detrended Dickey-Fuller test, DF-GLS birim kök testi	Kwiatkowski-Phillips-Schmidt-Shin test, stationarity test, KPSS durağanlık testi
ذات صلة	3	4
الملخص	The DF-GLS test, introduced by Elliott, Rothenberg, and Stock (1996), is a modified augmented Dickey-Fuller procedure that applies generalized least squares (GLS) detrending before the standard unit-root regression. By removing deterministic components under a local alternative rather than the null hypothesis, the test achieves near-optimal power for detecting stationarity in time series, making it the preferred unit-root test in applied econometrics when a trend or intercept is present.	The KPSS test, introduced by Kwiatkowski, Phillips, Schmidt and Shin in 1992, tests the null hypothesis that a series is stationary against the alternative that it contains a unit root — the reverse of the ADF and Phillips-Perron tests. By flipping the burden of proof, it is designed to be used alongside unit-root tests so that the two can confirm one another and expose ambiguous, borderline cases.