قارن الطرق

	أخذ العينات من الحالات المنحرفة	أخذ العينات للحالة النموذجية
المجال	منهجية المسح	منهجية المسح
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1990	1980s (systematized in Patton 1990/2002)
صاحب الطريقة	Michael Quinn Patton	Michael Quinn Patton
النوع	Purposive qualitative sampling strategy	Purposive qualitative sampling strategy
المصدر التأسيسي	Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative Research and Evaluation Methods (3rd ed.). Sage Publications. ISBN: 978-0761919711	Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative Research and Evaluation Methods (3rd ed.). Sage Publications. ISBN: 978-0761919711
الأسماء البديلة	extreme case sampling, outlier sampling, negative case sampling, deviant-case selection	typical case selection, modal case sampling, representative case sampling, average case sampling
ذات صلة	5	5
الملخص	Deviant case sampling is a purposive qualitative sampling strategy in which the researcher intentionally selects cases that are unusual, exceptional, or markedly different from the norm — outliers, extreme successes, or conspicuous failures. The goal is not statistical representation but deep learning from cases that illuminate the boundaries of a phenomenon, challenge prevailing assumptions, or reveal processes that typical cases obscure.	Typical case sampling is a purposive strategy in which the researcher deliberately selects cases that represent what is ordinary, normal, or most common within a target group. Rather than seeking outliers or the widest possible variation, the goal is to illustrate and communicate what a typical experience, program, or phenomenon looks like to stakeholders or audiences unfamiliar with it. The strategy is widely used in qualitative evaluation research and program reporting.