قارن الطرق

	البحث القائم على التصميم - تجربة التصميم التعليمي	الإثنوغرافيا
المجال	الأساليب الميدانية	نوعي
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1992	c. 1922 (Malinowski's Argonauts of the Western Pacific)
صاحب الطريقة	Ann L. Brown and Allan Collins (independently, 1992)	Bronisław Malinowski (modern ethnography); rooted in 19th-century anthropology
النوع	Interventionist qualitative-quantitative mixed methodology	Qualitative fieldwork tradition
المصدر التأسيسي	Brown, A. L. (1992). Design experiments: Theoretical and methodological challenges in creating complex interventions in classroom settings. Journal of the Learning Sciences, 2(2), 141–178.	Hammersley, M. & Atkinson, P. (2019). Ethnography: Principles in Practice (4th ed.). Routledge. ISBN: 978-1138504462
الأسماء البديلة	DBR, design research, design experiment, educational design research	Etnografi, participant observation, fieldwork, ethnographic research
ذات صلة	6	5
الملخص	Design-based research (DBR) is an iterative, interventionist methodology that simultaneously designs educational interventions and builds theory about how and why those interventions work in authentic, complex settings. Originating in Ann Brown's 1992 classroom experiments and Allan Collins's parallel work, DBR treats the learning environment as both the object of study and the site of theory generation, cycling through design, enactment, analysis, and redesign until both practical improvement and theoretical insight are achieved.	Ethnography is a qualitative research tradition in which a researcher immerses themselves in a social group or community over an extended period — typically three to six months or longer — to study its culture, values, and behaviours in their natural setting. Originating in social and cultural anthropology, and consolidated as a rigorous method by Bronisław Malinowski in the early twentieth century, ethnography produces rich, contextualised accounts of how people live, work, and make meaning together.