قارن الطرق

	نظرية الكثافة الوظيفية	نموذج الربط المحكم
المجال	الحوسبة الكمومية	الحوسبة الكمومية
العائلة	Machine learning	Machine learning
سنة النشأة	1965	1954
صاحب الطريقة	Walter Kohn	John Slater and George Koster
النوع	Electronic structure method	Simplified electronic structure model
المصدر التأسيسي	Kohn, W., Sham, L. J. (1965). Self-consistent equations including exchange and correlation effects. Physical Review, 140, A1133–A1138.	Slater, J. C., Koster, G. F. (1954). Simplified LCAO method for the periodic potential problem. Physical Review, 94, 1498–1524.
الأسماء البديلة	DFT, Kohn-Sham equations	TB model, hopping model
ذات صلة	4	3
الملخص	Density Functional Theory (DFT) is a computational method for determining the properties of materials and molecules by modeling the ground state electron density. Developed by Walter Kohn and Lu Jeu Sham in the 1960s, DFT reduces the complexity of quantum chemistry from tracking individual electron coordinates to optimizing the total electron density, enabling efficient simulations of large molecular and condensed-matter systems.	The Tight-Binding (TB) model is a simplified semi-empirical approach for computing electronic band structures and properties of solids. Formulated by Slater and Koster in 1954, TB treats electron hopping between atomic sites as the dominant interaction, enabling efficient calculations of band dispersion for a wide variety of materials.