قارن الطرق

	التعرف السببي باستخدام الرسوم البيانية الموجهة غير الدورية (حسابات do)	الترجيح الاحتمالي العكسي (IPW / IPTW)
المجال	الاستدلال السببي	الاستدلال السببي
العائلة	Regression model	Regression model
سنة النشأة	2009	2000
صاحب الطريقة	Judea Pearl	Robins, Hernán & Brumback
النوع	Causal identification framework	Causal inference weighting estimator
المصدر التأسيسي	Pearl, J. (2009). Causality: Models, Reasoning, and Inference (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0521895606	Robins, J. M., Hernán, M. A., & Brumback, B. (2000). Marginal Structural Models and Causal Inference in Epidemiology. Epidemiology, 11(5), 550-560.
الأسماء البديلة	do-calculus, backdoor adjustment, Pearl causal identification, DAG ile Nedensel Tanımlama (do-calculus)	IPW, IPTW, inverse probability of treatment weighting, marginal structural model weighting
ذات صلة	5	5
الملخص	DAG causal identification is a framework, developed by Judea Pearl (2009), that encodes causal assumptions as a directed acyclic graph and uses the do-calculus rules to determine whether and how a causal effect can be identified from observational data. It systematically handles confounders, instrumental variables, and backdoor paths.	Inverse Probability Weighting is a causal-inference method that assigns each observation a weight equal to the inverse of its probability of receiving the treatment it actually received. Introduced by Robins, Hernán and Brumback (2000) for marginal structural models, it builds a pseudo-population in which treatment is independent of measured confounders, balancing selection bias.