قارن الطرق

	تصميم التجربة الفردية المتقاطعة (crossover SSED)	تصميم التجربة على الفرد الواحد
المجال	التصميم التجريبي	التصميم التجريبي
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1970s–1980s (single-case crossover formalized in behavioral research context)	1960s (Sidman 1960; formal applied codification by Kazdin and Baer in 1970s–1980s)
صاحب الطريقة	Developed within the single-case research tradition; crossover application formalized by Barlow and Hersen and expanded by Kazdin	Murray Sidman (foundational tactics); B. F. Skinner (applied behavior analysis lineage)
النوع	Experimental single-subject design	Experimental research design
المصدر التأسيسي	Kazdin, A. E. (2011). Single-Case Research Designs: Methods for Clinical and Applied Settings (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN: 978-0195341881	Kazdin, A. E. (1982). Single-Case Research Designs: Methods for Clinical and Applied Settings. Oxford University Press. ISBN: 978-0195030440
الأسماء البديلة	crossover SSED, alternating-treatments crossover design, single-case crossover design, N-of-1 crossover design	SSED, single-case experimental design, n-of-1 design, intrasubject replication design
ذات صلة	4	6
الملخص	The crossover single-subject experimental design (crossover SSED) applies two or more treatment conditions sequentially to the same individual, with a washout or return-to-baseline period between conditions. Because each participant serves as their own control, between-subject variability is eliminated, enabling precise causal inference about treatment effects even with very small samples — often a single participant. This design is widely used in applied behavior analysis, special education, rehabilitation, and clinical psychology.	Single-subject experimental design (SSED) establishes experimental control by repeatedly measuring one individual (or a small number of individuals) across baseline and intervention phases, using the participant as their own control. Instead of comparing groups, it compares the participant's own behavior across conditions over time. Widely used in applied behavior analysis, special education, rehabilitation, and clinical psychology, SSED allows causal inference from small or unique samples where group designs are impractical.