قارن الطرق

	تحليل السلامة الحرجة	تقييم جرعة الإشعاع
المجال	الفيزياء النووية	الفيزياء النووية
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1938	1928
صاحب الطريقة	Otto Hahn, Fritz Strassmann	International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP)
النوع	safety assessment methodology	computational health assessment pipeline
المصدر التأسيسي	American National Standards Institute (2019). Nuclear Criticality Safety in Operations with Fissionable Material Outside Reactors. ANSI/ANS-8.1-19.40.	International Commission on Radiological Protection (2007). The 2007 Recommendations of the ICRP. Publication 103. Annals of the ICRP, 37(2–4).
الأسماء البديلة	nuclear safety assessment, chain reaction analysis, fissile material control	dose calculation, exposure assessment, radiation hazard evaluation
ذات صلة	5	5
الملخص	Criticality safety analysis is a systematic evaluation of fissile material systems to ensure nuclear chain reactions remain controlled, originating from Hahn and Strassmann's 1938 discovery of nuclear fission. It determines safe limits on fissile mass, concentration, geometry, and spacing using neutron transport calculations and experimental validation to prevent uncontrolled nuclear excursions in storage, processing, and transportation.	Radiation dose assessment is a systematic evaluation of human exposure to ionizing radiation from external or internal sources, formalized by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) in the late 20th century. It combines radiation transport calculations with biological effect models to quantify absorbed dose, equivalent dose, and effective dose for worker safety and public health protection.