قارن الطرق

	تصميم التجربة بالمجموعة الضابطة	التجربة العاملية
المجال	التصميم التجريبي	التصميم التجريبي
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1935 (Fisher); 1963 (Campbell & Stanley codification)	1926–1935
صاحب الطريقة	Ronald A. Fisher; systematised by Donald T. Campbell & Julian C. Stanley	Ronald A. Fisher
النوع	Experimental research design	Quantitative experimental design
المصدر التأسيسي	Campbell, D. T., & Stanley, J. C. (1963). Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Research. Rand McNally.	Fisher, R. A. (1935). The Design of Experiments. Oliver and Boyd.
الأسماء البديلة	controlled experiment, true experimental design, randomized controlled design, treatment-control design	factorial design, factorial ANOVA design, multi-factor experiment, crossed-factor design
ذات صلة	4	6
الملخص	Control group experimental design is a fundamental experimental structure in which participants are assigned to at least two groups — a treatment group that receives the intervention and a control group that does not — so that the effect of the intervention can be isolated by comparing outcomes across groups. Randomisation of assignment strengthens causal inference by balancing known and unknown confounders.	A factorial experiment is an experimental design in which two or more independent variables (factors) are manipulated simultaneously, and every combination of their levels is tested. Introduced by Ronald Fisher in the 1920s–1930s, it is the standard approach whenever a researcher needs to detect not only the main effect of each factor but also whether the effect of one factor depends on the level of another — the interaction effect.