قارن الطرق

	كروماتوغرافيا العمود	تحديد المجموعات الوظيفية
المجال	الكيمياء	الكيمياء
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1903	early 20th century
صاحب الطريقة	Mikhail Tsvet	Organic chemistry community
النوع	Chromatographic separation technique	Analytical methodology
المصدر التأسيسي	Skoog, D. A., Holler, F. J., & Crouch, S. R. (2017). Principles of Instrumental Analysis (7th ed.). Cengage Learning. ISBN: 978-1305577213	Clayden, J., Greeves, N., Warren, S., & Wothers, P. (2012). Organic Chemistry (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN: 978-0199270293
الأسماء البديلة	liquid chromatography, column liquid chromatography	functional group analysis, FG identification, structural analysis
ذات صلة	3	3
الملخص	Column chromatography is a liquid separation technique in which a stationary phase (typically silica gel or alumina) is packed into a vertical column, and a mobile phase (solvent) percolates through it to separate mixture components. Pioneered by Mikhail Tsvet in 1903, column chromatography remains the workhorse of organic chemistry laboratories for purifying reaction products and isolating target compounds.	Functional group identification is the systematic determination of chemical functional groups present in organic molecules using spectroscopic, chemical, and structural data. Developed throughout the 20th century alongside spectroscopy and analytical chemistry, this methodology enables rapid structure elucidation by focusing on reactive moieties (alcohols, aldehydes, carboxylic acids, amines, etc.) rather than complete structure determination.