قارن الطرق

	مقياس الجماعية-الفردية	مقياس تقييم الاستيعاب الثقافي
المجال	علم النفس الاجتماعي	علم النفس الاجتماعي
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1994	1995
صاحب الطريقة	Theodore M. Singelis and Hazel R. Markus	Imelda Cuéllar, Bill Arnold, and Roberto Maldonado
النوع	Self-report Likert scale	Self-report Likert scale
المصدر التأسيسي	Singelis, T. M. (1994). The measurement of independent and interdependent self-construals. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 20(5), 580–591.	Cuéllar, I., Arnold, B., & Maldonado, R. (1995). Acculturation Rating Scale for Mexican Americans-II: A revision of the original ARSMA Scale. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 26(3), 307–319.
الأسماء البديلة	C-I Scale	ARSMA, Acculturation Rating Scale
ذات صلة	4	4
الملخص	The Collectivism-Individualism Scale is a self-report measure designed to assess individual differences in independent versus interdependent self-construal and cultural orientation toward individualism and collectivism. Developed by Singelis (1994) and refined through subsequent research by Triandis and colleagues, the scale operationalizes self-concept dimensions as independent (autonomous, unique) or interdependent (connected, embedded in relationships). It has become a fundamental tool for cross-cultural psychology research.	The Acculturation Rating Scale for Mexican Americans (ARSMA) is a self-report measure designed to assess the degree to which Mexican American and Mexican immigrant individuals adopt or maintain cultural practices, values, and identity. Originally developed by Cuéllar, Harris, and Jasso in 1980 and revised as ARSMA-II in 1995, it measures bi-dimensional acculturation—the extent of both Mexican and American cultural orientation. The scale has been adapted for use with other immigrant and ethnic minority groups.