قارن الطرق

	Collective Narcissism Scale	Nationalism and Patriotism Scale
المجال	علم النفس السياسي	علم النفس السياسي
العائلة	Latent structure	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	2009	1989
صاحب الطريقة	Agnieszka Golec de Zavala and colleagues	Rick Kosterman & Seymour Feshbach
النوع	Attitude scale for defensive group identity	Self-report attitude scale
المصدر التأسيسي	Golec de Zavala, A., Cichocka, A., Eidelson, R., & Jayawickreme, N. (2009). Collective Narcissism and Its Social Consequences. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 97(6), 1074-1096.	Kosterman, R., & Feshbach, S. (1989). Toward a measure of patriotic and nationalistic attitudes. Political Psychology, 10(2), 257-274.
الأسماء البديلة	Group Narcissism Scale, National Collective Narcissism Measure, Golec de Zavala Collective Narcissism Scale, In-Group Grandiosity Scale	Patriotism-Nationalism Scale, Kosterman-Feshbach Scale, Blind and Constructive Patriotism Scale
ذات صلة	3	4
الملخص	The Collective Narcissism Scale, introduced by Agnieszka Golec de Zavala and colleagues in 2009, measures an emotional investment in an unrealistic belief about an in-group's greatness coupled with a demand that this greatness be recognized by others. Unlike secure group identification, collective narcissism is defensive and contingent on external validation, and it predicts intergroup hostility, perceived threat, prejudice, conspiracy belief, and support for aggression toward out-groups. The scale is widely applied to national identity, where it distinguishes a grandiose, grievance-driven nationalism from ordinary patriotism or in-group satisfaction.	The Nationalism and Patriotism Scale, introduced by Kosterman and Feshbach (1989), distinguishes patriotism (love of and attachment to one's nation) from nationalism (belief in national superiority and a desire for dominance over other nations). It established that national attachment is not a single attitude but a set of separable dimensions, a distinction later extended by Schatz, Staub and Lavine (1999) into blind versus constructive patriotism.