قارن الطرق

	نظرية الائتلاف	مسح الاختيار (D لتـايجـمـا)
المجال	علم الوراثة	علم الوراثة
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1982	1989
صاحب الطريقة	John Kingman	Fumio Tajima
النوع	Stochastic process model	Neutrality test
المصدر التأسيسي	Kingman, J. F. C. (1982). The coalescent. Stochastic Processes and their Applications, 13(3), 235–248.	Tajima, F. (1989). Statistical method for testing the neutral mutation hypothesis by DNA polymorphism. Genetics, 123(3), 585–595.
الأسماء البديلة	Kingman Coalescent, n-coalescent	Tajima's D test, Selective sweep analysis, Neutrality test
ذات صلة	4	4
الملخص	Coalescent theory is a probabilistic framework that traces the genealogical history of DNA sequences backward in time to their most recent common ancestor. Developed by John Kingman in 1982, this method forms the foundation of modern population genetics, enabling researchers to understand demographic events, estimate genetic parameters, and reconstruct evolutionary histories from modern genetic data.	Tajima's D is a statistical test designed to detect selective sweeps—recent, rapid fixation of advantageous mutations—from patterns of genetic variation in DNA sequences. Developed by Fumio Tajima in 1989, this test measures deviations from neutrality by comparing different measures of DNA sequence diversity. A significant Tajima's D value indicates departure from neutral evolution, suggesting positive selection, population structure, or demographic events.