قارن الطرق

	تجربة عاملية كاملة عشوائية بالتجميع	تجربة عاملية مجزأة
المجال	التصميم التجريبي	التصميم التجريبي
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	Late 20th–early 21st century (formalized ~1998–2014)	1945 (Finney); broader development 1950s–1970s by Box, Hunter
صاحب الطريقة	Synthesis of cluster randomization (Murray, 1998) and factorial design traditions (Fisher, 1935; Collins et al., 2014)	D. J. Finney (formal development); foundations in Ronald Fisher's factorial design work
النوع	Experimental design	Quantitative experimental design
المصدر التأسيسي	Murray, D. M. (1998). Design and Analysis of Group-Randomized Trials. Oxford University Press. ISBN: 978-0195120264	Box, G. E. P., Hunter, J. S., & Hunter, W. G. (2005). Statistics for Experimenters: Design, Innovation, and Discovery (2nd ed.). Wiley-Interscience. ISBN: 978-0471718130
الأسماء البديلة	cluster RCT full factorial, group-randomized full factorial design, CRT full factorial, cluster full factorial trial	fractional factorial design, FFD, 2^(k-p) design, fractional replication
ذات صلة	6	4
الملخص	A cluster-randomized full factorial experiment assigns intact groups (clusters) rather than individuals to every possible combination of two or more experimental factors. All factor-level combinations are tested simultaneously, enabling estimation of both main effects and all interaction effects, while preserving the integrity of naturally occurring social or organizational units such as schools, clinics, or communities.	A fractional factorial experiment is a resource-efficient experimental design that tests only a carefully chosen fraction of all possible factor-level combinations. By exploiting the principle that high-order interactions are usually negligible, it identifies the main effects and low-order interactions of k factors using far fewer runs than a full factorial design — making it the workhorse of industrial and engineering screening experiments.