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| سلسلة التوريد مغلقة الحلقة× | تخطيط المنشآت (SLP)× | |
|---|---|---|
| المجال | إدارة العمليات | إدارة العمليات |
| العائلة | Machine learning | Machine learning |
| سنة النشأة≠ | 2003 | 1973 |
| صاحب الطريقة≠ | Guide, V. D. R., & Van Wassenhove, L. N. | Muther, R. |
| النوع≠ | Supply chain strategy | Layout design methodology |
| المصدر التأسيسي≠ | Guide, V. D. R., & Van Wassenhove, L. N. (2003). Business aspects of closed-loop supply chains. Pittsburgh: Carnegie Mellon University Press. link ↗ | Muther, R. (1973). Systematic layout planning (2nd ed.). Boston: Cahners Books. link ↗ |
| الأسماء البديلة | reverse logistics, circular economy logistics | SLP, plant layout |
| ذات صلة | 5 | 5 |
| الملخص≠ | A closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) integrates forward logistics (moving products to customers) with reverse logistics (recovering products, components, or materials from customers) to optimize resource recovery, reduce waste, and minimize environmental impact. Products flow forward for customer use, then flow backward for remanufacturing, refurbishment, recycling, or proper disposal. CLSC is driven by regulatory compliance (e.g., take-back laws), cost recovery, environmental responsibility, and increasingly, customer demand for sustainable business practices. | Systematic Layout Planning (SLP) is a structured methodology developed by Richard Muther in the 1960s–1970s for designing optimal plant and facility layouts. The approach systematizes the consideration of material flow, personnel movement, equipment relationships, and space constraints to minimize material handling costs, improve safety, and enhance flexibility. SLP has become the foundational framework for facility design in manufacturing, warehousing, and service environments. |
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