قارن الطرق

	مقياس الهشاشة السريري (CFS)	مؤشر كاتز للاستقلالية في أنشطة الحياة اليومية (ADL)	أداة فحص سوء التغذية (MST)
المجال	التمريض	التمريض	التمريض
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	2005	1963	1999
صاحب الطريقة	Kenneth Rockwood	Sidney Katz	Michelle Ferguson
النوع	Clinician-rated frailty assessment	Clinician-rated or observational functional assessment	Patient self-report screening tool
المصدر التأسيسي	Rockwood, K., Song, X., MacKnight, C., et al. (2005). A global clinical measure of fitness and frailty in elderly people. CMAJ, 173(5), 489-495.	Katz, S., Ford, A. B., Moskowitz, R. W., Jackson, B. A., & Jaffe, M. W. (1963). Studies of Illness in the Aged: The Index of ADL, a standardized measure of biological and psychosocial function. JAMA, 185(12), 914-919.	Ferguson, M., Capra, S., Bauer, J., & Banks, M. (1999). Development of a valid and reliable malnutrition screening tool for adult acute hospital patients. Nutrition, 15(6), 458-464.
الأسماء البديلة	CFS, Frailty Scale, Clinical Frailty Assessment	Katz Index, Katz ADL Scale, Index of ADL	MST, Malnutrition Screening, Nutritional Risk Screen
ذات صلة	3	3	3
الملخص	The Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS), developed by Kenneth Rockwood and colleagues in 2005, is a brief, validated tool for assessing frailty in older adults. Frailty—a syndrome of diminished physiologic reserve, increased vulnerability, and reduced functional ability—is recognized as a distinct clinical state that predicts mortality, disability, and healthcare utilization independent of age and comorbidities. The CFS uses a seven-point (or nine-point in later versions) clinical judgment-based scale, making it practical and rapid for bedside use in hospitals, clinics, and long-term care.	The Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living, developed by Sidney Katz and colleagues in 1963, is one of the earliest and most widely used tools for assessing functional status in older adults and persons with chronic illness. The scale evaluates six essential self-care activities (bathing, dressing, toileting, transfer, continence, feeding) through direct observation or interview and assigns an overall grade (A through G) reflecting the degree of independence. It remains a foundational instrument in geriatric assessment, rehabilitation medicine, and long-term care settings.	The Malnutrition Screening Tool (MST), developed by Michelle Ferguson and colleagues in 1999, is a brief, validated screening instrument designed to identify hospitalized patients at risk for malnutrition. The tool consists of two simple questions about recent unintentional weight loss and reduced food intake, yielding a quick numerical score. Since its publication, the MST has become widely adopted in acute hospitals, residential aged care facilities, and community settings as a rapid, reliable first-line screen for nutritional risk.