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| تصميم الحالة-المتقاطعة× | دراسة الحالة والشاهد المتداخلة (Nested Case-Control Study)× | |
|---|---|---|
| المجال | علم الأوبئة | علم الأوبئة |
| العائلة | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| سنة النشأة≠ | 1991 | 1973–1977 |
| صاحب الطريقة≠ | Malcolm Maclure | Nathan Mantel (1973); D. C. Thomas (1977 formalization) |
| النوع≠ | Observational epidemiological study design | Hybrid observational study design |
| المصدر التأسيسي≠ | Maclure, M. (1991). The case-crossover design: A method for studying transient effects on the risk of acute events. American Journal of Epidemiology, 133(2), 144–153. DOI ↗ | Thomas, D. C. (1977). Addendum to: Methods of cohort analysis: Appraisal by application to asbestos mining. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series A, 140(4), 469–491. link ↗ |
| الأسماء البديلة | case-crossover study, CCO design, self-matched case study, within-person crossover case study | NCC study, nested CC design, case-control within cohort, density sampling case-control |
| ذات صلة≠ | 3 | 6 |
| الملخص≠ | The case-crossover design is an observational epidemiological method that estimates whether a transient exposure triggers an acute event by comparing each case's exposure during a brief hazard window immediately before the event to their own exposure during earlier control periods. Because each person serves as their own control, all stable personal characteristics are automatically adjusted for, making the design especially powerful for studying intermittent exposures and sudden-onset outcomes such as myocardial infarction, stroke, or injury. | A nested case-control study is an efficient observational design embedded within a defined cohort. For each participant who develops the outcome of interest (a case), a small number of matched controls are sampled from those still at risk at the same point in time. This density-sampling strategy yields odds ratios that approximate incidence-rate ratios from the full cohort at a fraction of the data-collection cost — making it the preferred alternative when measuring exposures for all cohort members would be prohibitively expensive or technically demanding. |
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