قارن الطرق

	مقياس المشاعر الإيجابية	مقياس بيرما (PERMA Profiler)
المجال	علم النفس الإيجابي	علم النفس الإيجابي
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	2001	2016
صاحب الطريقة	Barbara Fredrickson	James Butler and Margaret Kern
النوع	Self-report affect scale	Self-report questionnaire
المصدر التأسيسي	Fredrickson, B. L. (2001). The role of positive emotions in positive psychology: The Broaden-and-Build Theory of positive emotions. American Psychologist, 56(3), 218–226.	Butler, J., & Kern, M. L. (2016). The PERMA-Profiler: A brief multidimensional measure of flourishing. International Journal of Wellbeing, 6(3), 1–48.
الأسماء البديلة	Positive Affect Scale, PAS	PERMA Profiler, PERMA Model
ذات صلة	4	4
الملخص	The Positive Emotions Scale measures the frequency or intensity of positive emotions experienced by individuals. Drawing on Fredrickson's Broaden-and-Build Theory of positive emotions, this scale operationalizes the understanding that positive emotional states (joy, contentment, interest, gratitude, serenity) have cognitive and behavioral consequences—they broaden attention and thinking, building psychological, intellectual, and social resources. Common instruments include the Positive Affect subscale of the PANAS (Positive and Negative Affect Schedule) and other positive emotion inventories assessing the range and intensity of positive feelings.	The PERMA-Profiler is a 23-item multidimensional measure of flourishing developed by Butler and Kern in 2016 based on Seligman's PERMA model of positive psychology. It assesses five core domains of human flourishing—Positive Emotion, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning, and Accomplishment—plus Negative Emotion and Loneliness as contextual factors. This instrument bridges the theoretical PERMA framework with practical measurement, enabling comprehensive assessment of psychological well-being across multiple life dimensions.