قارن الطرق

	تصميم تجريبي محظور بقياس قبلي وبعدي	التجربة العاملية
المجال	التصميم التجريبي	التصميم التجريبي
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1935 (blocking, Fisher); 1963 (pretest-posttest + blocking synthesis, Campbell & Stanley)	1926–1935
صاحب الطريقة	Donald T. Campbell & Julian C. Stanley (systematized); blocking technique from Ronald A. Fisher	Ronald A. Fisher
النوع	Experimental design	Quantitative experimental design
المصدر التأسيسي	Campbell, D. T., & Stanley, J. C. (1963). Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Research. Rand McNally.	Fisher, R. A. (1935). The Design of Experiments. Oliver and Boyd.
الأسماء البديلة	blocked pre-post design, RBPP design, block-randomized pretest-posttest design, randomized block pre-post control group design	factorial design, factorial ANOVA design, multi-factor experiment, crossed-factor design
ذات صلة	6	6
الملخص	The blocked pretest-posttest experimental design combines blocking — grouping participants into homogeneous strata before randomization — with pre- and post-intervention measurement. Blocking controls for known sources of variability (e.g., baseline ability, gender, site), while the pretest-posttest structure quantifies change scores directly. Together, they reduce error variance and increase statistical power compared to a simple pretest-posttest design, making this approach well suited to educational, clinical, and behavioral intervention studies.	A factorial experiment is an experimental design in which two or more independent variables (factors) are manipulated simultaneously, and every combination of their levels is tested. Introduced by Ronald Fisher in the 1920s–1930s, it is the standard approach whenever a researcher needs to detect not only the main effect of each factor but also whether the effect of one factor depends on the level of another — the interaction effect.