قارن الطرق

	ضبط نموذج بيرت الدقيق	ضبط نماذج GPT الدقيق	الغابات العشوائية	الانتباه الذاتي متعدد الرؤوس
المجال	التعلم العميق	التعلم العميق	تعلم الآلة	التعلم العميق
العائلة	Machine learning	Machine learning	Machine learning	Machine learning
سنة النشأة	2019	2019	2001	2017
صاحب الطريقة	Devlin, J. et al.	Radford, A. et al. (OpenAI)	Breiman, L.	Vaswani, A. et al.
النوع	Transfer learning (fine-tuning a pre-trained transformer)	Fine-tuning of pretrained autoregressive language models	Ensemble (bagging of decision trees)	Attention mechanism (Transformer core)
المصدر التأسيسي	Devlin, J., Chang, M.-W., Lee, K. & Toutanova, K. (2019). BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding. NAACL.	Radford, A., Wu, J., Child, R., Luan, D., Amodei, D. & Sutskever, I. (2019). Language Models are Unsupervised Multitask Learners. OpenAI Technical Report.	Breiman, L. (2001). Random Forests. Machine Learning, 45, 5–32.	Vaswani, A. et al. (2017). Attention Is All You Need. NeurIPS.
الأسماء البديلة	BERT İnce Ayar (Fine-Tuning), BERT ince ayar, fine-tuning BERT, transfer learning with BERT	GPT İnce Ayar ve Talimat Uyarlaması, GPT fine-tuning, instruction tuning, LLM fine-tuning	Rastgele Orman (Random Forest), rastgele orman, random decision forest, bagged tree ensemble	Öz-Dikkat ve Çok Başlı Dikkat (Multi-Head Self-Attention), öz-dikkat, multi-head attention, scaled dot-product attention
ذات صلة	5	5	4	5
الملخص	BERT fine-tuning, building on the BERT model introduced by Devlin and colleagues in 2019, re-trains a pre-trained BERT model on a small labelled dataset for a target task such as classification, named-entity recognition, or question answering. Through transfer learning it reaches high performance even with relatively little task-specific data.	GPT fine-tuning adapts pretrained autoregressive language models such as GPT-2/3/4 or LLaMA — introduced in OpenAI's 2019 work by Radford and colleagues — to domain-specific data or to instruction following via reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) or DPO. It is used for instruction following, domain adaptation, and generative tasks.	Random Forest is an ensemble learning method, introduced by Leo Breiman in 2001, that grows many decision trees on bootstrap samples of the data and combines their votes to produce strong classification and regression. By pooling many slightly different trees, it produces more accurate and more stable predictions than any single tree.	Multi-head self-attention, introduced by Vaswani and colleagues in 2017, is the mechanism that lets every position in a sequence compute its relationship to all other positions in parallel. It is the core of the Transformer architecture and the foundation underneath BERT, GPT, and T5.