قارن الطرق

	Authoritarian Dynamic Measurement	Ethnocentrism Scale
المجال	علم النفس السياسي	علم النفس السياسي
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	2005	2001
صاحب الطريقة	Karen Stenner & Stanley Feldman	James W. Neuliep & James C. McCroskey
النوع	Self-report predisposition measure	Self-report attitude scale
المصدر التأسيسي	Stenner, K. (2005). The authoritarian dynamic. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 9780521534789	Neuliep, J. W. (2002). Assessing the reliability and validity of the Generalized Ethnocentrism Scale. Journal of Intercultural Communication Research, 31(4), 201-215.
الأسماء البديلة	Child-Rearing Authoritarianism Scale, Stenner Authoritarianism Measure, Authoritarian Predisposition Scale	GENE Scale, Ethnocentrism Scale, Generalized Ethnocentrism Scale
ذات صلة	4	4
الملخص	The authoritarian-dynamic approach, developed by Stenner (2005) and Feldman (2003), measures authoritarianism as a latent predisposition toward favoring social conformity and order over individual autonomy and difference, typically assessed with four forced-choice child-rearing values items rather than attitude statements. Its distinctive claim is that intolerance is a dynamic product of this predisposition interacting with perceived normative threat.	The Generalized Ethnocentrism (GENE) Scale, developed by Neuliep and McCroskey, is a self-report instrument measuring ethnocentrism: the tendency to view one's own group as the center of the social universe and to judge other groups by its standards, with corresponding ingroup preference and outgroup derogation. In political science, the ethnocentrism construct was given prominence by Kinder and Kam's (2009) Us Against Them, which uses survey-based ethnocentrism measures to explain American policy opinion.