قارن الطرق

	التخطيط التجميعي	تخطيط متطلبات المواد
المجال	إدارة العمليات	إدارة العمليات
العائلة	Machine learning	Machine learning
سنة النشأة	1992	1975
صاحب الطريقة	Wallace, T. F.	Joseph Orlicky
النوع	Demand-supply planning framework	Material planning algorithm
المصدر التأسيسي	Wallace, T. F. (1992). Sales & Operations Planning: The how-to handbook. Cincinnati: APICS Publications.	Orlicky, J. (1975). Material requirements planning: The new way of life in production and inventory management. New York: McGraw-Hill.
الأسماء البديلة	sales and operations planning, production planning	MRP, MRP I
ذات صلة	5	5
الملخص	Aggregate Planning (or Sales & Operations Planning, S&OP) is a collaborative, iterative process that balances demand and supply at a high level—typically grouping products into families and planning over a 3–18 month horizon. Developed formally by Tom Wallace and popularized through APICS, aggregate planning helps organizations align sales forecasts, production capacity, inventory, and workforce to meet demand efficiently while managing costs. It serves as the bridge between strategic business plans and detailed operational execution.	Material Requirements Planning (MRP) is a computerized system developed by Joseph Orlicky in the 1970s that calculates material requirements based on master production schedules and bill-of-materials data. MRP determines what materials to buy, how much to order, and when to order them to meet production demand while minimizing inventory carrying costs. It became a foundational technology for manufacturing planning and later evolved into manufacturing resource planning (MRP II) and enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems.