قارن الطرق

	تصميم سليمان التكيفي رباعي المجموعات	تصميم سولومون الرباعي المجموعات المحظور
المجال	التصميم التجريبي	التصميم التجريبي
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1949 (base design); adaptive adaptation developed through later adaptive trial methodology	1949 (base); blocking extension applied in behavioral and social sciences from mid-20th century onward
صاحب الطريقة	Richard L. Solomon (base design); adaptive extension via response-adaptive randomization methodology	Richard L. Solomon (base design, 1949); blocking integrated from classical experimental design tradition (Fisher, 1935)
النوع	Experimental design (pretest-sensitization control + adaptive randomization)	Experimental design
المصدر التأسيسي	Solomon, R. L. (1949). An extension of control group design. Psychological Bulletin, 46(2), 137–150.	Solomon, R. L. (1949). An extension of control group design. Psychological Bulletin, 46(2), 137–150.
الأسماء البديلة	adaptive S4G design, response-adaptive Solomon design, sequential Solomon four-group design, adaptive pretest-sensitization design	Blocked S4G, randomized blocked Solomon design, Solomon four-group with blocking
ذات صلة	6	6
الملخص	The Adaptive Solomon Four-Group Design combines the pretest-sensitization control of Solomon's classic four-group structure with response-adaptive randomization, allowing interim outcome data to update the allocation probabilities across the four groups as the study progresses. This hybrid preserves the design's ability to isolate the testing effect while improving ethical efficiency by steering more participants toward conditions performing better at interim checkpoints.	The blocked Solomon four-group design combines Solomon's classic four-group structure — which disentangles pretest sensitization effects from treatment effects — with blocking on a known nuisance variable. Participants are first grouped into homogeneous blocks (e.g., by baseline ability, gender, or site), then randomly assigned within each block to one of four conditions: pretested treatment, pretested control, unpretested treatment, and unpretested control. This structure simultaneously controls for maturation, pretest reactivity, and block-level variance, making it one of the strongest quasi-controlled experimental frameworks available.