قارن الطرق

	أخذ العينات الهادف التكيفي	أخذ العينات ذو التباين الأقصى
المجال	منهجية المسح	منهجية المسح
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1980s–1990s	1985 (Lincoln & Guba); elaborated 1990–2002 (Patton)
صاحب الطريقة	Rooted in Patton's purposive sampling typology; adaptive dimension from iterative qualitative inquiry traditions	Lincoln & Guba; systematised by Michael Quinn Patton
النوع	Qualitative sampling strategy	Purposive qualitative sampling strategy
المصدر التأسيسي	Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative Research and Evaluation Methods (3rd ed.). Sage Publications. ISBN: 978-0761919711	Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative Research and Evaluation Methods (3rd ed.). Sage. Chapter 5: Purposeful Sampling. ISBN: 978-0761919711
الأسماء البديلة	iterative purposive sampling, emergent purposive sampling, adaptive qualitative sampling, dynamic purposive sampling	maximum variation sampling, maximum diversity sampling, MVS, heterogeneous sampling
ذات صلة	5	5
الملخص	Adaptive purposive sampling is a qualitative strategy in which the researcher begins with explicitly stated, theory-driven selection criteria and then deliberately revises those criteria as data collection proceeds and new understanding emerges. Unlike fixed purposive sampling — where criteria are locked in before fieldwork — the adaptive variant treats the sampling frame as a working hypothesis that is refined in response to early findings, enabling the study to follow the evidence into unexpected but analytically important directions.	Maximum variation sampling is a purposive qualitative sampling strategy in which the researcher deliberately selects cases that span the widest possible range of variation on dimensions central to the study. The goal is not statistical representation but the identification of common patterns that cut across diverse cases as well as the documentation of the unique ways each context shapes the phenomenon under investigation.