Tourism CGE Modeling
Tourism computable general equilibrium (CGE) modeling simulates how a change in tourism — a surge in inbound visitors, a major event, a new tax, or a demand collapse — ripples through an entire economy when prices, wages, exchange rates, and resources are free to adjust. Unlike input-output analysis, which assumes fixed prices and unlimited supply, a CGE model represents producers, households, government, and the rest of the world as optimising agents linked through markets that must clear. A tourism shock therefore bids up the prices of the resources tourism uses, draws labour and capital away from other sectors, and shifts the exchange rate, so the net economy-wide effect can differ sharply from a naive multiplier. Dwyer, Forsyth and Spurr's 2004 comparison made the influential case that CGE is the preferred technique for evaluating tourism's economic effects when these adjustments matter.
Rekodi ya chanzo
Nukuu zimehamishwa kwa uhalisi kutoka kwa rekodi ya chanzo cha mbinu. Hakuna uthibitisho wa kiwango cha dai unaodokezwa kutoka kwao.
- Dwyer, L., Forsyth, P., & Spurr, R. (2004). Evaluating tourism's economic effects: new and old approaches. Tourism Management, 25(3), 307-317. · DOI 10.1016/S0261-5177(03)00131-6
- Fletcher, J. E. (1989). Input-output analysis and tourism impact studies. Annals of Tourism Research, 16(4), 514-529. · DOI 10.1016/0160-7383(89)90006-6
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