Short form differential item functioning
Short-form differential item functioning (DIF) analysis examines whether individual items in an abbreviated scale function equivalently across demographic or subgroup comparisons. When a scale is shortened, retained items must still behave fairly for all relevant groups — DIF analysis verifies this, ensuring that score differences reflect true ability or trait differences rather than item bias.
Rekodi ya chanzo
Nukuu zimehamishwa kwa uhalisi kutoka kwa rekodi ya chanzo cha mbinu. Hakuna uthibitisho wa kiwango cha dai unaodokezwa kutoka kwao.
- Millsap, R. E. (2012). Statistical Approaches to Measurement Invariance. Routledge. · ISBN 978-0-8058-4507-0
- Smith, R. M. (2000). Fit analysis in latent trait measurement models. Journal of Applied Measurement, 1(2), 199–218. · URL
Madai yaliyotunzwa
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Mbinu zinazohusiana
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