Robust Path Analysis
Robust path analysis applies robust estimation — such as sandwich standard errors or M-estimation — to path models that specify directed causal relationships among observed variables. It preserves valid inference about path coefficients and indirect effects when data violate normality, contain outliers, or exhibit heteroscedasticity that would distort conventional standard errors.
Rekodi ya chanzo
Nukuu zimehamishwa kwa uhalisi kutoka kwa rekodi ya chanzo cha mbinu. Hakuna uthibitisho wa kiwango cha dai unaodokezwa kutoka kwao.
- Yuan, K.-H. & Bentler, P. M. (1998). Robust mean and covariance structure analysis. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 51(1), 63–88. · DOI 10.1111/j.2044-8317.1998.tb00667.x
- Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J. & Anderson, R. E. (2019). Multivariate Data Analysis (8th ed.). Cengage Learning. · ISBN 978-1473756540
Madai yaliyotunzwa
Madai yamehifadhiwa katika daftari la ushahidi, kila moja ikiwa na tathmini yake.
Mwonekano huu haubuni tathmini ya dai wakati daftari haina yoyote.
Mbinu zinazohusiana
Zilizotengenezwa kutoka kwa grafu ya mbinu na kuonyeshwa kama uhusiano uliopendekezwa na mashine — hakuna dai la ushahidi linalodokezwa.