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Retrospective Ethics Approval/Ushahidi
Rekodi ya ushahidi wa mbinu

Retrospective Ethics Approval

Retrospective ethics approval is the ethics committee's review and determination regarding research conducted or data collected before ethics approval was obtained. This situation arises when researchers collect data without advance ethics review (intentionally, out of oversight, or due to institutional gaps) and then seek ethics approval before analysis or publication. Retrospective approval is generally disfavored; regulations and guidelines strongly recommend prospective review (approval before data collection). However, retrospective determination of exemption (finding that data already collected meets exempt criteria under 45 CFR 46.104, similar frameworks in other jurisdictions) or retrospective approval with specific justifications may be possible. Understanding when retrospective approval can be obtained—and its limitations—is important for researchers facing this ethical and regulatory challenge.

Sources recorded, not reviewed

Rekodi ya chanzo

Nukuu zimehamishwa kwa uhalisi kutoka kwa rekodi ya chanzo cha mbinu. Hakuna uthibitisho wa kiwango cha dai unaodokezwa kutoka kwao.

Obtaining Ethics Committee Approval After Data Has Been Collected
Rekodi ya mbinu ya kiajenda · process-pipeline / research-ethics
  • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2018). Protection of Human Subjects. Code of Federal Regulations Title 45, Part 46, Section 46.101(b). · URL
  • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office for Human Research Protections. (2010). Retrospective Collection and Codification of Existing Data and Specimens. OHRP Guidance. · URL
  • Health Research Authority. (2021). Research That Has Already Started or Data Already Collected. UK Research Ethics Service Guidance. · URL
  • International Council for Harmonisation. (2016). ICH Harmonised Guideline: Integrated Addendum to ICH E6(R1). Good Clinical Practice E6(R2). · URL
Fungua mbinu kamili

Madai yaliyotunzwa

Madai yamehifadhiwa katika daftari la ushahidi, kila moja ikiwa na tathmini yake.

Hakuna madai yaliyotunzwa bado

Mwonekano huu haubuni tathmini ya dai wakati daftari haina yoyote.

Mbinu zinazohusiana

Zilizotengenezwa kutoka kwa grafu ya mbinu na kuonyeshwa kama uhusiano uliopendekezwa na mashine — hakuna dai la ushahidi linalodokezwa.

Same method familyData Protection and Privacy in Researchmachine-suggested · Relational suggestion, not evidence.Same method familyEthics Committee Application Processmachine-suggested · Relational suggestion, not evidence.Same method familyRisk-Benefit Assessment in Research Protocolsmachine-suggested · Relational suggestion, not evidence.Same method familyTypes of Ethics Committees in Researchmachine-suggested · Relational suggestion, not evidence.Same method familyWaiver of Informed Consent in Researchmachine-suggested · Relational suggestion, not evidence.

Hali ya ushahidi

Sources recorded, not reviewed

Bibliographic sources are present. Claim-level evidence review has not been performed.

Vyanzo

4 nukuu zilizorekodiwa, ziliyonakiliwa kutoka kwa rekodi ya chanzo cha mbinu.

Vitendo

Fungua ukurasa wa mbinu
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