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Points of Attachment Index/Ushahidi
Rekodi ya ushahidi wa mbinu

Points of Attachment Index

The Points of Attachment Index (PAI) is a multidimensional measurement instrument, developed by Galen Trail, Matthew Robinson, Ronald Dick, and Andrew Gillentine in 2003, that captures the several distinct objects to which sport fans become psychologically attached. Where earlier work treated fan identification as attachment to the team alone, the PAI recognizes that an individual may identify with the players, the coach, the surrounding community, the sport itself, the university or organization, and the level of sport, in addition to the team. Each of these objects is measured as a separate reflective latent factor through multi-item survey scales and validated with confirmatory factor analysis. Robinson and Trail's 2005 study extended the index, showing how these points of attachment relate to spectator motives, gender, and sport preference, and how they differentially predict attendance, loyalty, and consumption behavior.

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Points of Attachment Index (Multiple Objects of Sport Fan Identification)
Rekodi ya mbinu ya kiajenda · latent-structure / sport-leisure-studies
  • Trail, G. T., Robinson, M. J., Dick, R. J., & Gillentine, A. J. (2003). Motives and Points of Attachment: Fans Versus Spectators in Intercollegiate Athletics. Sport Marketing Quarterly, 12(4), 217-227. · DOI 10.1177/106169340301200404
  • Robinson, M. J., & Trail, G. T. (2005). Relationships Among Spectator Gender, Motives, Points of Attachment, and Sport Preference. Journal of Sport Management, 19(1), 58-80. · DOI 10.1123/jsm.19.1.58
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Same method familyMotivation Scale for Sport Consumptionmachine-suggested · Relational suggestion, not evidence.Used in the same domainPsychological Continuum Modelmachine-suggested · Relational suggestion, not evidence.Same method familySport Spectator Identification Scalemachine-suggested · Relational suggestion, not evidence.Same method familyTeam Identification-Social Psychological Health Modelmachine-suggested · Relational suggestion, not evidence.

Hali ya ushahidi

Sources recorded, not reviewed

Bibliographic sources are present. Claim-level evidence review has not been performed.

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2 nukuu zilizorekodiwa, ziliyonakiliwa kutoka kwa rekodi ya chanzo cha mbinu.

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