Missing Women Estimation
Missing women estimation quantifies the number of women and girls who are absent from a population because of gender bias in mortality and, in some settings, sex-selective abortion. Introduced by economist Amartya Sen in 1990 and 1992, the method compares the observed female population (or female deaths) with the number expected under a benchmark sex ratio that would prevail absent discrimination. The resulting deficit — famously estimated at more than 100 million worldwide — is a stark demographic measure of cumulative anti-female bias.
Rekodi ya chanzo
Nukuu zimehamishwa kwa uhalisi kutoka kwa rekodi ya chanzo cha mbinu. Hakuna uthibitisho wa kiwango cha dai unaodokezwa kutoka kwao.
- Sen, A. (1992). Missing women. BMJ, 304(6827), 587–588. · DOI 10.1136/bmj.304.6827.587
- Sen, A. (1990). More than 100 million women are missing. The New York Review of Books, 37(20), 61–66. · URL
- Anderson, S., & Ray, D. (2010). Missing women: Age and disease. The Review of Economic Studies, 77(4), 1262–1300. · DOI 10.1111/j.1467-937X.2010.00609.x
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Mbinu zinazohusiana
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