Fourier system GMM
Fourier system GMM embeds Fourier trigonometric terms into the System GMM estimator of Blundell and Bond (1998) to accommodate smooth, gradual structural breaks in dynamic panel data. By adding sine and cosine components as regressors, the estimator captures unknown, potentially multiple regime shifts without requiring prior knowledge of break dates, while preserving the instrument-based controls for endogeneity and individual fixed effects.
Rekodi ya chanzo
Nukuu zimehamishwa kwa uhalisi kutoka kwa rekodi ya chanzo cha mbinu. Hakuna uthibitisho wa kiwango cha dai unaodokezwa kutoka kwao.
- Blundell, R., & Bond, S. (1998). Initial conditions and moment restrictions in dynamic panel data models. Journal of Econometrics, 87(1), 115–143. · DOI 10.1016/S0304-4076(98)00009-8
- Gallant, A. R. (1981). On the bias in flexible functional forms and an essentially unbiased form: The Fourier flexible form. Journal of Econometrics, 15(2), 211–245. · DOI 10.1016/0304-4076(81)90115-9
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Mbinu zinazohusiana
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