CPR Design-Principle Diagnostics
Common-pool resource (CPR) diagnostics evaluate a self-governing commons against the design principles that Elinor Ostrom, in Governing the Commons (1990), found to characterize long-enduring institutions for managing shared resources. A common-pool resource is one from which it is hard to exclude users but where one person's use subtracts from what is left for others, creating dilemmas of overuse and underprovision. Ostrom's comparison of irrigation systems, fisheries, forests, and grazing commons that had survived for generations against those that had collapsed yielded eight design principles, from clearly defined boundaries and rules matched to local conditions, through collective-choice arrangements, monitoring, graduated sanctions, and conflict resolution, to recognized rights to organize and nested enterprises. A later systematic review by Cox, Arnold, and Villamayor-Tomas confirmed and refined these principles. The method uses them as a diagnostic checklist to assess and explain the robustness of commons institutions.
Rekodi ya chanzo
Nukuu zimehamishwa kwa uhalisi kutoka kwa rekodi ya chanzo cha mbinu. Hakuna uthibitisho wa kiwango cha dai unaodokezwa kutoka kwao.
- Ostrom, E. (1990). Governing the Commons: The Evolution of Institutions for Collective Action. Cambridge University Press. · ISBN 9780521405997
- Cox, M., Arnold, G., & Villamayor Tomas, S. (2010). A Review of Design Principles for Community-based Natural Resource Management. Ecology and Society, 15(4), 38. · DOI 10.5751/ES-03704-150438
Madai yaliyotunzwa
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Mwonekano huu haubuni tathmini ya dai wakati daftari haina yoyote.
Mbinu zinazohusiana
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