Collective Narcissism Scale
The Collective Narcissism Scale, introduced by Agnieszka Golec de Zavala and colleagues in 2009, measures an emotional investment in an unrealistic belief about an in-group's greatness coupled with a demand that this greatness be recognized by others. Unlike secure group identification, collective narcissism is defensive and contingent on external validation, and it predicts intergroup hostility, perceived threat, prejudice, conspiracy belief, and support for aggression toward out-groups. The scale is widely applied to national identity, where it distinguishes a grandiose, grievance-driven nationalism from ordinary patriotism or in-group satisfaction.
Rekodi ya chanzo
Nukuu zimehamishwa kwa uhalisi kutoka kwa rekodi ya chanzo cha mbinu. Hakuna uthibitisho wa kiwango cha dai unaodokezwa kutoka kwao.
- Golec de Zavala, A., Cichocka, A., Eidelson, R., & Jayawickreme, N. (2009). Collective Narcissism and Its Social Consequences. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 97(6), 1074-1096. · DOI 10.1037/a0016904
- Golec de Zavala, A., & Lantos, D. (2020). Collective Narcissism and Its Social Consequences: The Bad and the Ugly. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 29(3), 273-278. · DOI 10.1177/0963721420917703
Madai yaliyotunzwa
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Mwonekano huu haubuni tathmini ya dai wakati daftari haina yoyote.
Mbinu zinazohusiana
Zilizotengenezwa kutoka kwa grafu ya mbinu na kuonyeshwa kama uhusiano uliopendekezwa na mashine — hakuna dai la ushahidi linalodokezwa.