Similarity vs Plagiarism: Understanding the Distinction
A critical distinction exists between similarity percentages generated by plagiarism detection software (Turnitin, iThenticate) and an actual plagiarism verdict. A similarity index is a red flag requiring review; it is not a plagiarism determination. High similarity can result from legitimate quotations, references, shared technical language, or common knowledge. Conversely, low similarity does not guarantee absence of plagiarism. Human expert judgment is essential—similarity detection software provides data, not judgment.
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- Hirsch, L. R. (2013). Recognizing plagiarism: A guide for academic professionals. Teaching Professor Blog. · URL
- Declerck, K., Decock, P., Macq, B., & Vandenbossche, J. (2021). Similarity index in plagiarism detection: A critical perspective. Research Integrity and Peer Review, 6, 1-8. · URL
- Steneck, N. H. (2007). Introduction to the responsible conduct of research. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office of Research Integrity. · URL
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