Matched ecological study
A matched ecological study is an observational epidemiological design in which aggregate units — such as geographic areas, communities, or time periods — are systematically paired or matched on key characteristics before comparing exposure and outcome rates. Matching at the group level controls for area-level confounders and improves comparability between exposed and unexposed units, producing more credible estimates of ecological associations than an unmatched counterpart.
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- Morgenstern, H. (1998). Ecologic studies in epidemiology: Concepts, principles, and methods. Annual Review of Public Health, 16, 61–81. · URL
- Ecological study. Wikipedia. · URL
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