Impedance Tube
An impedance tube (or Kundt tube) is a laboratory apparatus for measuring the acoustic absorption coefficient and surface impedance of materials. Originally developed by August Kundt in 1866, the technique has been standardized by ASTM and ISO for characterizing noise-control and acoustic-treatment materials. The impedance tube method is simple, portable, and cost-effective, making it the industry standard for pre-design acoustic material selection and quality control.
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- ASTM E1050-19 (2019). Standard Test Method for Impedance and Absorption of Acoustical Materials Using a Tube, Two Microphone and a Digital Frequency Analysis System. American Society for Testing and Materials. · URL
- ISO 10534-2 (2001). Determination of Sound Absorption Coefficient and Impedance in Impedance Tubes. International Organization for Standardization. · URL
- Kuttruff, H. (2009). Room Acoustics (5th ed.). Spon Press. · ISBN 978-0-415-48055-4
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