Urban Density Gradient Model
The urban density gradient model is the broad family of functional relationships that describe how population density varies with distance from a city's centre. Its canonical member is Colin Clark's 1951 negative-exponential form, but the family also includes Bruce Newling's quadratic-exponential function that permits a density crater at the core, simpler linear and Smeed forms, and the economic micro-foundation supplied by the Muth-Mills monocentric city model. Together these give planners and economists a compact, comparable language for urban spatial structure.
Rekod sumber
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- Clark, C. (1951). Urban population densities. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series A (General), 114(4), 490–496. · DOI 10.2307/2981088
- Mills, E. S. (1972). Studies in the Structure of the Urban Economy. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore. · ISBN 9780801813207
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