STS
The Spiritual Transcendence Scale (STS), developed by Piedmont in 1999, is a 24-item self-report measure of spiritual transcendence: the human capacity to experience connection to something beyond oneself—whether understood as God, nature, humanity, or the sacred. The STS conceptualizes spiritual transcendence as a personality trait distinct from religious adherence or institutional participation, measured through three facets: Prayer Fulfillment (satisfaction from spiritual practices), Universality (sense of interconnection with all people and life), and Connectedness (sense of deep connection to the divine or sacred). The scale has become influential in understanding spirituality as a psychological dimension orthogonal to the Big Five personality traits.
Rekod sumber
Petikan disalin secara verbatim daripada rekod sumber kaedah. Tiada pengesahan peringkat tuntutan disimpulkan daripadanya.
- Piedmont, R. L. (1999). Does spirituality have a place in personality science? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 76(1), 3–13. · URL
- Piedmont, R. L. (2001). Spiritual transcendence as a predictor of psychosocial outcome from an outpatient substance abuse treatment program. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 15(4), 338–345. · URL
Tuntutan yang dikurasi
Tuntutan disimpan dalam lejar bukti, setiap satu dengan penilaiannya sendiri.
Pandangan ini tidak mencipta penilaian tuntutan apabila lejar tiada.
Kaedah berkaitan
Dijana daripada graf kaedah dan ditunjukkan sebagai perhubungan yang dicadangkan mesin — tiada tuntutan bukti disimpulkan.