NOSE
The Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) Scale is a brief 5-item self-report questionnaire specifically designed to measure the severity of nasal obstruction and its impact on quality of life. Developed by Stewart and colleagues (2004), the NOSE is the most widely used nasal obstruction-specific outcome measure in otolaryngology, recommended for clinical practice and clinical trials. It is validated for baseline assessment, monitoring treatment response in medical and surgical rhinology, and outcome evaluation following septoplasty, rhinoplasty, endoscopic sinus surgery, or allergen immunotherapy.
Rekod sumber
Petikan disalin secara verbatim daripada rekod sumber kaedah. Tiada pengesahan peringkat tuntutan disimpulkan daripadanya.
Tuntutan yang dikurasi
Tuntutan disimpan dalam lejar bukti, setiap satu dengan penilaiannya sendiri.
Pandangan ini tidak mencipta penilaian tuntutan apabila lejar tiada.
Kaedah berkaitan
Dijana daripada graf kaedah dan ditunjukkan sebagai perhubungan yang dicadangkan mesin — tiada tuntutan bukti disimpulkan.