Mental Toughness Questionnaire
The MTQ48 is a 48-item instrument measuring mental toughness—the capacity to perform well under pressure, persist through adversity, maintain emotional control, and sustain commitment toward goals. Developed by Clough, Earle, and Sewell in 2002, the MTQ48 operationalizes mental toughness across four dimensions (the '4Cs': Control, Commitment, Challenge, and Confidence) and has become widely adopted in sport psychology, talent development, and organizational psychology for identifying and developing psychological resilience.
Rekod sumber
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- Clough, P. J., Earle, K., & Sewell, D. (2002). Mental toughness: A definition and measured construct. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 14(3), 169–187. · URL
- Clough, P. J., Earle, K., Sewell, D., & Strycharczyk, D. (2012). Mental Toughness: The Mindset Behind Sporting Success. Bloomsbury Sport. · URL
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