HHIA
The Hearing Handicap Inventory for Adults (HHIA) is a 25-item self-report questionnaire that quantifies the functional and emotional effects of hearing loss on daily life, work, and psychosocial well-being. Developed by Newman, Weinstein, Jacobson, and Hug in 1990, the HHIA is the most widely used hearing-specific quality-of-life measure in audiology and otolaryngology. It provides a patient-centered assessment of hearing handicap, distinct from audiometric measures alone, and is standard for baseline assessment, monitoring hearing aid benefit, and outcome evaluation in hearing conservation programs.
Rekod sumber
Petikan disalin secara verbatim daripada rekod sumber kaedah. Tiada pengesahan peringkat tuntutan disimpulkan daripadanya.
Tuntutan yang dikurasi
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Pandangan ini tidak mencipta penilaian tuntutan apabila lejar tiada.
Kaedah berkaitan
Dijana daripada graf kaedah dan ditunjukkan sebagai perhubungan yang dicadangkan mesin — tiada tuntutan bukti disimpulkan.