Electrospinning
Electrospinning is an electrostatic fiber fabrication process that uses a high electric field to draw polymer solutions or melts into nanoscale fibers. Developed by Anton Formhals in the 1930s and refined by researchers including Darrell Reneker in the 1990s, the technique has become foundational to biomaterials engineering, enabling the creation of porous scaffolds for tissue engineering and drug delivery systems.
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- Formhals, A. (1934). Process and apparatus for preparing artificial threads. U.S. Patent 1,975,504. · URL
- Doshi, J., & Reneker, D. H. (1995). Electrospinning process and applications of electrospun fibers. Journal of Electrostatics, 35(2-3), 151-160. · DOI 10.1016/0304-3886(95)00041-8
- Huang, Z. M., Zhang, Y. Z., Kotaki, M., & Ramakrishna, S. (2003). A review on polymer nanofibers by electrospinning and their applications in nanocomposites. Composites Science and Technology, 63(15), 2223-2253. · DOI 10.1016/S0266-3538(03)00178-7
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