Cohort Study Design
A cohort study follows a group of individuals forward in time from exposure to outcome. Exposed and unexposed participants (or participants with differing exposure levels) are enrolled at baseline, characterized, and observed prospectively until the outcome occurs or the study ends. Cohort studies are fundamental to epidemiology and are the design of choice for establishing causal associations when randomized trials are infeasible or unethical.
Rekod sumber
Petikan disalin secara verbatim daripada rekod sumber kaedah. Tiada pengesahan peringkat tuntutan disimpulkan daripadanya.
- Miettinen, O. S. (1976). Estimability and estimation in case-referent studies. American Journal of Epidemiology, 103(2), 226–235. · DOI 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112220
- Rothman, K. J., Lash, T. L., & Greenland, S. (2008). Modern Epidemiology (3rd ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. · ISBN 978-0781755657
- Veierød, M. B., Lydersen, S., & Laake, P. (2012). Medical Statistics in Clinical and Epidemiological Research. Gyldendal Akademisk. · ISBN 978-8205418627
Tuntutan yang dikurasi
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Pandangan ini tidak mencipta penilaian tuntutan apabila lejar tiada.
Kaedah berkaitan
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