Data Collection Methods
Data collection methods are the specific techniques and instruments used to gather information from research participants or sources. Common quantitative methods include surveys (questionnaires, interviews), physiological measurements (blood pressure, lab assays), behavioral observations, and administrative/secondary data (e.g., medical records, national registers). Qualitative methods include in-depth interviews, focus groups, observations, and document analysis. Selection and design of data collection instruments directly affect data quality, validity, and reliability. Floyd Fowler's work on survey methodology (1980s–2010s), Robert DeVellis's scale development approach, and John Creswell's frameworks for qualitative data collection provide systematic guidance.
Catatan sumber
Kutipan disalin apa adanya dari catatan sumber metode. Tidak ada verifikasi tingkat klaim yang disimpulkan darinya.
- Fowler, F. J. (2014). Survey Research Methods (5th ed.). SAGE Publications. · URL
- Creswell, J. W. (2017). Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches (4th ed.). SAGE Publications. · URL
- DeVellis, R. F. (2017). Scale Development: Theory and Applications (4th ed.). SAGE Publications. · URL
Klaim yang dikurasi
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Metode terkait
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