Catatan bukti metode

Cross-sectional causal-comparative research

Cross-sectional causal-comparative research compares two or more pre-existing groups — defined by a characteristic or experience that has already occurred — on one or more outcome variables, with all data collected at a single point in time. Because the presumed cause (group membership) precedes measurement but cannot be manipulated, the design sits between purely descriptive and truly experimental work. It is widely used in education, psychology, and social sciences when randomization is impossible or unethical.

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Cross-sectional Causal-Comparative Research Design

Catatan metode taksonomi · process-pipeline / research-design

Frankfort-Nachmias, C., & Nachmias, D. (2015). Research Methods in the Social Sciences (8th ed.). Worth Publishers. · ISBN 978-1429295154
Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (4th ed.). Sage Publications. · ISBN 978-1452226101

Buka metode lengkap

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Taxonomic bucketCausal-Comparative Researchmachine-suggested · Relational suggestion, not evidence.Taxonomic bucketEx Post Facto Designmachine-suggested · Relational suggestion, not evidence.Taxonomic bucketLongitudinal Causal-Comparative Researchmachine-suggested · Relational suggestion, not evidence.