Formative Assessment
Formative assessment, or assessment for learning, is the practice of gathering evidence of student understanding during instruction and using it immediately to adjust teaching and to give feedback that moves learning forward. Unlike summative assessment, which measures learning after the fact for grading or accountability, formative assessment is woven into the teaching cycle. Synthesized influentially by Black and Wiliam, it is defined not by the type of instrument but by whether the resulting evidence actually changes subsequent instruction and learning.
Dossier source
Citations copiées telles quelles du dossier source de la méthode. Aucune vérification au niveau de la revendication n'en est déduite.
- Black, P., & Wiliam, D. (1998). Assessment and classroom learning. Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice, 5(1), 7–74. · DOI 10.1080/0969595980050102
- Black, P., & Wiliam, D. (2009). Developing the theory of formative assessment. Educational Assessment, Evaluation and Accountability, 21(1), 5–31. · DOI 10.1007/s11092-008-9068-5
Revendications organisées
Revendications enregistrées dans le registre de preuves, chacune avec sa propre évaluation.
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Méthodes apparentées
Généré à partir du graphe de méthodes et présenté comme des relations suggérées par la machine — aucune revendication de preuve n'est déduite.